Canis ISSN: 2398-2942
Blood: crossmatching
Contributor(s): Prof Bernard Feldman, Sarah Gould
Overview
- Major crossmatch detects antibodies in recipient plasma against donor red cells.
- Minor crossmatch detects antibodies in donor plasma against recipient red cells (due to dilution effect when plasma given).
- If no other donors available, blood with least cross match/incompatibility can be used as cells unlikely to be lysed rapidly.
- Naturally occuring alloantibodies to canine red cells antigens are unusual. First time transfusions seldom indicate cross match incompatibilities in the dog.
- Compatible transfusion should prevent hemolytic transfusion reactions Anemia: transfusion indications Blood: transfusion Blood types.
Sampling
This article is available in full to registered subscribers
Sign up now to purchase a 30 day trial, or
Login
Tests
Methodologies
Major crossmatch
- 1 drop of donor blood (in EDTA or acid citrate dextrose (ACD)), transferred to small glass tube.
- Wash red cells at 37°C by adding 1 ml warmed normal saline, centrifuging and pouring off saline.
- Repeat twice more.
- Resuspend 0.2 ml of washed red cells in 4.8 ml 0.9% saline.
- Add 2 drops of recipient serum (or EDTA plasma), to 2 drops of resuspended donor cells.
- Prepare 3 tubes.
- Incubate one at 37°C, one at 4°C and one at room temperature for 15 mins, then centrifuge 1000 rpm for 30 secs.
- Add 1 drop of 20% bovine serum albumin (BSA), and reincubate 15 mins.
- Check for visible hemolysis or agglutination.
- Tap tube to resuspend cells and transfer 2 drops to a glass slide and check for evidence of agglutination or rouleaux formation.
Minor crossmatch
- Donor plasma mixed with washed red cells from recipient and incubated as above.
Availability
- Widely available at commercial laboratories.
- Can easily be performed in practice.
Result Data
This article is available in full to registered subscribers
Sign up now to purchase a 30 day trial, or
Login
Further Reading
Publications
Refereed papers
- Recent references from VetMed Resource and PubMed.
- Giger U, Gelen C J, Callan M B & Oakley D A (1995) An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by dog erythrocyte antigen 1.1 incompatibility in a previously sensitized dog. JAVMA 206(9), 1358-1362.
- Hale A S (1995) Canine blood groups and their importance in veterinary transfusion medicine. Vet Clin N Am 25(6), 1323-1332.