Canis ISSN: 2398-2942

Therapeutics: nutrition

Parenteral nutrition

• Nutritionally adequate substitute Dietetic diet: for convalescence where oral intake not possible, insufficient or contra-indicated over long period.
• Enteral nutrition (eg via naso-esophageal, esophagotomy, or gastrotomy tube) always preferable whenever possible. Enteral nutrition reduces the risk of gut mucosal trophy and bacterial translocation.
• Based on high concentrations of glucose or lipid emulsions for calories, soya or casein protein hydrolysates or amino acids for protein source.
• Provide daily energy requirements as 60% carbohydrate, 40% lipids; increase calorie requirement by 50% in ill or trauma pateints.
• Give only IV via central veins.
• Daily calorie requirements:
  • Basal energy requirement (kcal/day) = 30 x bodyweight (kg) + 70.
• Partial parenteral nutrition (only meeting past of total daily caloric needs) can be provided with IV amino acids or IV lipid emulsions; peripheral vein can be used.

Minerals

Vitamins

Clinical Diets